Free Ukrainian Course. Lesson 15

Free Ukrainian Course
Ukrainian lessons for beginners

Lesson 15: Review of lessons 11 – 14


This lesson contains:

  • a summary of the lessons 11 to 14

Let’s revise and check the last rules and constructions we have learnt in the last 4 lessons. Here you have a small summary.

Useful phrase in Ukrainian

Useful phrase in Ukrainian

Listen and repeat the following sentences:

Useful phrase 11
Lesson 11
Не кажи́, що ти роби́в, скажи́, що ти зроби́в.
Useful phrase 12
Lesson 12
Йди сюди́ та допоможи́ менí.
Useful phrase 13
Lesson 13
Я бу́ду чита́ти рома́н, але́ не
прочита́ю його́.
Useful phrase 14
Lesson 14
За́раз я йду додо́му. Я завжди́ хо́джу додо́му пíшки.
Ukrainian vocabulary

Ukrainian vocabulary

Lesson 11

Втоми́вся (masc.) / втоми́лася (fem.)

to be tired

весь (masc.) / вся (fem.) / все (neuter)

all, every, everything

рома́н

novel

вече́ря

dinner

іме́йл

e-mail

дім / вдо́ма

home / at home

улю́блений

favourite

смакота́

yummy, delicious

як шко́да!

what a pity!

до́вго

long, for a long time

зазвича́й

usually

по́ки

while

про

about


Lesson 12

сюди́

here, this way

що тра́пилось?

what happened?

іде́я

idea

щоде́нник

diary

пита́ння

question

ду́же про́сто

very easy

менí со́ромно

I feel ashamed

пíсня / піснí

song / songs


Lesson 13

гість / го́сті

guest / guests

до ре́чі

by the way

по́тім

afterwards

зно́ву

again

гара́зд

ok, alright

за́втра / до за́втра, поба́чимось за́втра

tomorrow, see you tomorrow

недíля

Sunday

дома́шнє завда́ння

homework

впра́ва

exercise

шви́дко

quickly, fast

день наро́дження

birthday

вечíрка

party

суп, м’я́со, десе́рт

soup, meat, dessert

сма́чно, смакота́

yummy, tasty, delicious


Lesson 14

басе́йн / санато́рій

swimming pool / spa

спорт / спортсме́н

sport / athlete

спра́вжній/ -я/ -є (singular), спра́вжні (plural)

real, authentic

літа́к / літако́м

plane / by plane

пога́но / йому́ пога́но

bad, unwell / he feels unwell

Різдво́

Christmas

Рим

Rome

Єги́пет

Egypt

Майда́н Незале́жності

Independence Square (Maidan Nezalezhnosti)

рік / роки́

year / years

годи́на

hour

чудо́во!

great!

по́руч з

near

зупи́нка

stop

ранíше

before

пíшки, ходи́ти пíшки

on foot, to go on foot

кори́сно

healthy

Ukrainian (imperfective verb / perfective verb)

English

роби́ти / зроби́ти

to do

чита́ти / прочита́ти

to read

диви́тись / подиви́тись

to watch, to look

писа́ти / написа́ти

to write

готува́ти / приготува́ти

to cook

каза́ти / розказа́ти

to tell

подо́батися / сподо́батися

to like, to please

ду́мати / поду́мати

to think

Ukrainian (imperfective verb / perfective verb)

English

чека́ти / почека́ти

to wait

Imperfective verbs

запи́тувати

to ask

пам’ята́ти

to remember

забува́ти

to forget

трима́ти

to hold, to grab

допомага́ти

to help

почина́ти

to start

слу́хати

to listen, to hear

Ukrainian (imperfective verb / perfective verb)

English

обíдати / пообíдати

to have lunch

чита́ти / прочита́ти

to read

дзвони́ти / подзвони́ти

to call, to phone

працюва́ти / попрацюва́ти

to work

Ukrainian imperfective verbs of motion

English

ходи́ти (regularly) / йти (in a specific direction)

to walk, to go on foot

ї́здити (regularly) / ї́хати (in a specific direction)

to go (in a vehicle)

літа́ти (regularly) / летíти (in a specific direction)

to fly

бíгати (regularly) / бíгти (in a specific direction)

to run

Ukrainian perfective verbs of motion

English

піти́ (“пі-” as exception)

to go (on foot)

пої́хати

to go (in a vehicle)

полетíти

to fly

Ukrainian grammar

Ukrainian grammar

Read the following grammar explanations for this lesson:

The verbal aspect of Ukrainian verbs

We have:

  • Imperfective aspect: when we express an imperfective (non-finished) action.
  • Perfective aspect: when we express a perfect (finished) action.

When we learn a new verb we always should take into account this aspect and try to memorize the pair of this verb form – imperfective and perfective one.

Perfective verbs don’t exist in the present: when you finish something, that is already the past (even if only one second in the past).

In the vocabulary section, at the beginning of this lesson, you have more verbs to memorize in its imperfective and perfective form.

How to build the imperative in Ukrainian

Depending on the person we are appealing to, we use different endings.

First step:

  • find the base through removing the ending (-е (-є), -ить) of the 3rd person singular form of the present tense

And then we should add endings:

  • “-и” – for 2nd person sing form (you – ти)
  • “-імо” – for 1st person pl form (we – ми)
  • “-йте” – for 2nd person pl form (you – ви)
Дай менí цей зо́шит, будь ла́ска. Give me this notebook, please.
Слу́хайте що я вам гово́рю. Listen to what I tell you.
Співа́ймо цю пíсню ра́зом! Let’s sing this song together!
Ходíмо шви́дше! Let’s go faster!

The future tense in Ukrainian

We always have to remember that in Ukrainian the perfective verbs do not exist in the present tense.

The verbs that form the future with the endings of the present (that is, the perfective verbs) don’t have any “present tense”. They can only be used to express past and future.

Depending on the verb we have (imperfective or perfective) it could be understood if the action has finished or will be finished in future or not.

Thanks to the verb “бу́ти” (to be) we can form the future tense but this sentences always give us an information about not finished actions.

Ukrainian verbs of motion

Ukrainian verbs of motion can be multidirectional and unidirectional.

  • Multidirectional verbs of motion mean “to go often/regularly/frequently, to go and return”
  • Unidirectional verbs of motion mean “to be going somewhere”

For each English verb of motion (to go, to run, to fly,…) there are two Ukrainian verbs: multidirectional and unidirectional. You can find more examples in the vocabulary section of this lesson.

If we take an unidirectional verb and we add the prefix по-, we get a perfective verb. But, the same will not happen with a multidirectional verb: if we add по-, the verb is still imperfective. For examples:

  • по- + повзти́ = поповзти́
  • по- + пливти́ = попливти́

If we talk about moving without any particular destination we use multidirectional verbs, for example:

  • Моя́ дити́на по́взає по підло́зі – My baby is crawling on the floor.
  • Я пініма́юся по схо́дах – I go up the stairs.

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